一体化定位解决方案是行业明显趋势。为什么要采用综合定位?因为单一技术无法满足需求,或者说使用单一技术的成本太高。
但还有比多种技术融合更好的解决方案吗?答案是单一技术集成了更多功能。
总结各种定位技术的特点,核心指标如下:
•定位精度高
•低成本
•低功耗
•易于部署、安装和维护
•是否兼容手机
目前市场上还没有一种产品能够满足以上所有要求,但技术总是在不断发展和发展。如果现在不可用,并不意味着将来也不可用。
UWB和蓝牙是市场上最主流的两种高精度定位技术,是直接竞争对手。根据我们研究的信息,这两种技术正在努力兼容另一种技术的特性。
UWB和蓝牙定位技术的优缺点:
来源:AIoT研究院
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谁更有机会获胜?
虽然目前UWB的优缺点都比较明显,但是我们发现了一个很有趣的现象,那就是UWB正在努力融合BLE的优点,而BLE也在努力弥补定位精度较差的缺点。
两人互相偷窃,那么他们获胜的机会有多大呢?我们来简单分析一下。
蓝牙的胜算
从上表中我们也可以直观地看出蓝牙技术确实非常优秀。除了定位精度之外,其他方面都是完美的。这也是市场上很多公司仍然坚持使用蓝牙的原因。定位方案的原因。
大家可以看一下蓝牙定位能力的演进路径:
The first stage: Based on RSSI (signal strength) positioning, the accuracy error is several meters, and the signal is drifting and unstable. However, this solution retains all other advantages of BLE.
The second stage: AoA positioning. Although the positioning accuracy has been improved to the sub-meter level, the cost of network deployment has greatly increased. If AoD is used, the tag needs to have an array antenna, which is a greater sacrifice for the product.
The third stage: CS channel detection, which improves the positioning accuracy of Bluetooth to about 1m. Because it is based on time-of-flight ranging, the stability of positioning is greatly increased. However, this positioning method requires the Bluetooth chip to continuously send and receive signals, which makes the function Consumption doubled.
In summary, although Bluetooth has been working hard to improve positioning accuracy, the improvement is limited, and some of its other advantages will be sacrificed.
UWB's odd
The biggest advantage of UWB is its high positioning accuracy. As a positioning technology that uses radio frequency technology as the signal source, UWB has the highest positioning accuracy at present.
Although it has many shortcomings in other core indicators besides high positioning accuracy, according to the information we have researched, in the next few years, in addition to the power consumption indicator, UWB technology will have great improvements in several other indicators. Big optimization.
In terms of cost: The wafer cost of UWB chips is similar to that of Bluetooth. Currently, domestic UWB chips have begun mass production. If the market has sufficient volume, the price of UWB chips will drop quickly.
Easy installation and maintenance: UWB-Beacon products currently on the market are beginning to mature, and this product has the same easy installation and maintenance features as Bluetooth Beacon.
In terms of mobile phone ecology: Qualcomm’s UWB kit is expected to be launched in 2024, and UWB will gradually become popular in the Android mobile phone ecosystem.
In terms of power consumption: The power consumption of the chip is currently being gradually optimized, but due to the technical characteristics of UWB, its power consumption is difficult to reach the level of Bluetooth.
In summary, except for the fact that UWB cannot reach the level of BLE in terms of power consumption due to technical characteristics, it can gradually reach the level of BLE in other aspects.
In the end, there is a high probability that a combo ecosystem will be formed.
Reasons for offering to customers as a “combo” product:
Firstly, neither technology will be perfect. Although they are constantly being improved, UWB cannot achieve the low power consumption of BLE, and BLE cannot achieve the high accuracy of UWB. Therefore, the technical complementarity between the two is still very high. obvious.
其次,由于物联网产品的需求多样化,很多定位产品为了保持性能稳定性或者考虑用户的手机是否有UWB或BLE,会添加多种定位信号源以保证正常使用。。
第三,成本下降后,增加更多功能的成本并不大。BLE芯片的价格已经不足1元。理论上,UWB芯片的价格可以和BLE差不多,即使同时有BLE+UWB。一块芯片的成本只有一两块钱。对于很多物联网产品来说,这个价格低于电池成本、人工成本,甚至外壳成本。
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